The word "idiot" comes from the Greek noun "idiotes", "a private person, individual" (as opposed to the state), "a private citizen" (as opposed to someone with a political office), "a common man", "a person lacking professional skill, layman", later "unskilled", "ignorant", derived from the adjective "idios", "personal" (not public, not shared). Many political commentators, starting as early as 1856, have interpreted the word "idiot" as reflecting the Ancient Athenians' attitudes to civic participation and private life, combining the ancient meaning of "private citizen" with the modern meaning "fool" to conclude that the Greeks used the word to say that it is selfish and foolish not to participate in public life. But this is not how the Greeks used the word.

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